Hoof balance describes how the shape and alignment of the hoof work with the internal structures of the foot and lower limb during standing and movement. This evidence-based guide explains static and dynamic balance, center of pressure, mediolateral and toe-to-heel loading, breakover, trimming, footing, and why a balanced hoof cannot be defined by perfect symmetry or one universal formula.

Forging is often first noticed as a "clicking" sound when the horse moves. It occurs when the toe of a hind hoof strikes the underside or shoe of the forefoot. Learn how hoof proportions, conformation, lameness, rider balance, saddle fit, fatigue, footing, and neurological coordination can affect limb timing, how forging differs from overreaching, and when to involve a farrier or veterinarian.

This article will help you understand what ataxia means, how to recognize it, what causes it, and why early action is critical for both horse welfare and rider safety.

Laminitis is a painful condition where the attachment between the hoof wall and the coffin bone becomes damaged. Learn it's causes, symptoms, and how to treat it.

A deep dive into the equine hip joint covering osteology, articular structures, ligaments and biomechanics

Learn the anatomy and function of the equine stifle, and its importance to soundness and performance

Learn everything there is to know about splint bones, from their anatomy to possible injuries and their symptoms.

Learn the biomechanical principles that govern hoof landing, impact forces, and breakover mechanics.

Learn about the gait deviation called paddling or winging out - what causes it, and whether it's considered an issue for the horse.

Learn the causes, consequences, and management strategies for interfering: a common equine gait fault.

Understand "forging", a common gait fault in horses. Learn its causes, consequences, and corrective approaches.